年度 96
計劃編號 NSC96-2221-E-006-105-
研究學門 人因工程與工業設計
中文計劃名稱 應用「民族誌」與「設計的社會模式」於通用設計之研究(Ⅱ)
執行期限 2007-08-01~2008-10-31
主持人 劉說芳
職稱
預算 584000
中文摘要 由於二次大戰時所出現的嬰兒潮和近年少子化的影響,造成後來的高齡化社
會。而通用設計是在可能範圍內讓大部份的人都能夠使用產品或環境的設計並且不
需要特別的適應性設計。因此,各國的設計師積極推行通用設計來滿足未來高齡化
社會的需求。
在本研究中,第一年是以民族誌的研究調查方法,實際深入觀察使用者並歸納
出使用者的需求,並提出通用設計產品建議的發展方向。在第二年的研究進行中,
我們延續第一年所提出的產品發展方向建議,並以「設計的社會模式」為主要架構
進行通用設計產品的發展。
在「設計的社會模式」中,主要結合了各種不同領域的專家組成跨領域功能團
隊進行使用者需求的觀察、並提出不同的專業建議及進行多次的專家討論。在第二
年的研究中,結合品質機能展開的執行步驟於設計的社會模式,透過此設計模式得
出產品特徵的設計重點,提出一通用產品設計要點給予設計師參考,進行通用設計
產品的概念發展。
第二年的研究以「藥盒」為設計案例來發展通用設計產品,根據研究結果發
現,設計師透過「設計的社會模式」較能夠設計出符合通用設計概念的產品、減少
過去僅靠設計師單一的主觀認知所產生的設計偏差。並以「通用設計產品檢測問
卷」來檢測產品概念的通用性,並選出最受使用者喜愛的概念。根據最後的研究調
查結果發現,設計師透過「設計的社會模式」所提出的設計概念均能夠符合一定的
通用性程度並且能夠讓受測者所接受。因此,結合「品質機能展開」於「設計的社
會模式」的通用設計流程能夠有效的讓設計師進行通用設計產品的發展。
英文摘要 Aging of population is increased dramatically worldwide currently. In Taiwan many
related statistics and literatures also indicate the increased number of the elderly
population. Because of the aging of population, developed countries began to address the
connection between universal design and older people. The products of universal design
not only could be used by older people but also could be used more conveniently by
general public. Therefore, people can smoothly utilize products from general design to
universal design as they are getting older. Unlike auxiliary products, they suddenly
change the way of people get used to be. This research expects that the concept of universal design can be expend the range of product utilization so that those products
could be suitable for older people.
Up to the present, most related researches of universal design emphasize the
development of products and the principles of usage. However, it cannot achieve the
needs of users and the “Universal “use of the products if it only depends on the principle
of universal design or designers’ sensible observation. This research believes that a
method for extensively and deeply understanding users is necessary. Designers also can
design accessible products by using this method.
The implementation of this research is three years totally. Two major methodologies of
the research are “ethnography” and “social model of design” (Victor Margolin & Sylvia
Margolin, 2002). The research will be conducted at the daycare center of Young Men’s
Christian Association (YMCA) in Tainan city for ahead two years. In first year, the
researchers will implement the methodology of ethnography in order to realize the needs
of those older people in the day care center on the products they use in their daily lives. In
second year, the “social model of design” will be implemented to understand the needs of
the group of older people on the products either in the daycare center or their homes.
Finally, in the third a new approach of observation combined by both “ethnography” and
“social model of design” methodologies will be established for developing the future
products of universal design.
中文關鍵字 通用設計、高齡化社會、品質機能展開
英文關鍵字
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